This article has been reviewed according to Science X's editorial process and policies. Editors have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility: France saw more than 7,300 excess deaths during heat waves so far this year, health authorities said Wednesday, as the country has also endured a record number of hot days since mid-June, according to an analysis. France has been hit by three summer heat waves in quick succession: a 14-day spell in June, 16 days in July and another lasting 22 days that began in late July and has yet to be officially declared over as of Aug. 18.
Together, they mean the country—parts of which are ill-equipped to deal with heat and where air conditioning is scarce—has endured a record 52 days of heat waves since mid-June, according to the analysis. Santé publique France on Wednesday said it had recorded 1,243 more deaths than usual between July 2 and 22. That added to the 5,764 excess deaths recorded from June 17 to 30, and 300 deaths identified so far during the year's first period of high temperatures in late May, for a total of 7,307.
Nearly three-quarters of the extra deaths "concern people aged 75 and over," though they affected "all age groups from 45 and over," the health ministry said. The deaths were due to all causes and cannot yet be definitively attributed to the heat, the agency said. Final figures are expected in the fall.
The figures came as an analysis of data from the national weather service Météo-France showed the number of heat wave days this year far exceeds the 33 heat wave days recorded in 2022 and the 22 days seen during the deadly summer of 2003. The country has had only two periods of respite, lasting three and eight days, respectively, since the first heat wave began on June 17. Beyond France, western Europe experienced its hottest start to summer on record, with recurring heat waves in June and July causing widespread drought and devastating wildfires fueled by global warming.
France has recorded more heat wave days in 2026 than in any other year since records began in 1947. The previous standout year, 2022, also saw three separate heat waves, but their combined duration was almost 20 days shorter than this year's total. Extreme heat contributed to more than 15,000 deaths in France in 2003, but the main heat wave was concentrated over about two weeks in August, following a less severe weeklong episode in June.
The August 2003 heat wave nevertheless remains the most severe observed to date—based on an indicator combining heat duration and intensity. But 2026 has set another milestone, with June 24 and 25 the hottest days ever recorded on average across mainland France, according to the national temperature indicator, which combines daytime and nighttime readings from 30 reference weather stations. The indicator reached 30°C (86°F), surpassing the previous record set in 2003.
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