The alleged “chief torturer” for the deposed Shah of Iran is a step closer to trial for human rights abuses after a Florida federal judge rejected his demand to halt a lawsuit brought by three former political prisoners. Parviz Sabeti, who was reported last year to have lived in a quiet upscale central Florida community, is accused of being the former head of Savak, the shah’s secret police and intelligence agency. The plaintiffs say they discovered his whereabouts only after a photo of Sabeti at a 2023 protest against the Iranian government was posted on social media by his daughter.
He could now be made to answer as early as next year to civil claims under the Torture Victim Protection Act (TVPA) that he directed and took part in the detention and torture of thousands of the shah’s political opponents in jails in Tehran and elsewhere until the Islamic revolution swept the regime from power in 1979. Sabeti has denied allegations that that he was personally involved or that Savak tortured detainees, and claimed that he “always opposed torture”. Tuesday’s sealed order by the district court judge Gregory A Presnell rejected Sabeti’s argument that a statute of limitations on the allegations should be strictly enforced and a summary judgment issued in his favor.
In August 2025, Presnell rejected a motion by Sabeti’s lawyers to dismiss the case outright, ordering the parties to conduct discovery on whether the TVPA claim was time-barred, and said he would listen to arguments about why the deadline should not be extended. Sabeti’s lawyers dispute that he was difficult to find and sue before 2023, filing dozens of documents which they said proved he had lived openly in Florida under his real name, including property records, media articles, and a photograph of Sabeti with George HW Bush and his son Jeb Bush, a former governor of Florida. In May, attorneys for the three Iranian plaintiffs filed a response presenting dozens of documents and articles of their own to try to bolster their argument that there were extraordinary circumstances in the case that warranted an extension of time to bring the claim.
They included the Guardian’s September 2025 story that chronicled Sabeti’s departure from Iran and his low-profile new life in Florida, where the lawsuit asserts he “has spent the last four decades out of the public eye, concealing his whereabouts and identity”. As the Guardian reported last year, Sabeti was identified as a fiercely loyal ally of the shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, in a secret analysis by the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) written in 1978, which was not released until 2018. According to the complaint, he was “widely recognized as one of the most powerful and feared men in the shah’s regime … with the authority to apprehend, interrogate and prosecute opponents throughout the country”.
The plaintiffs, Iranian men living in California aged 68 to 85, claim they were among thousands of people rounded up as perceived opponents of the shah by Savak, Iran’s notoriously brutal internal security and intelligence agency, and subjected to abuses at Sabeti’s personal direction. Among their claims made under the TVPA are that their captors used rape, electric shocks, near-drownings and forced nail extraction. They say they were abducted by Savak in Tehran, beaten into giving false confessions and served prison time.
The lawsuit details the alleged use of a torture device nicknamed Apollo, an electric chair named after the early US space program, which featured a metal helmet that amplified victims’ screams into their own ears. Sabeti has previously insisted he was not involved in the detention, torture or execution of prisoners. A 2023 report on the website of the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran, a dissident group, cited an interview Sabeti gave to the Persian channel Manoto in which he characterized his government employment as clerical work.
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