Accumulating evidence links inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to cognitive impairment driven by gut barrier disruption and dysbiosis via the gut-brain axis. Currently, the impact of dietary flavonoids on IBD-related cognitive deficits remains unclear. This study found that the selected flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, apigenin) could ameliorate colitis severity in mice, with kaempferol and quercetin being most effective in rescuing cognitive impairments in novel object recognition and Y-maze tests.
They suppressed microglial activation (apigenin uniquely reversed astrocyte overactivation) and quercetin/apigenin elevated hippocampal synaptic proteins. Mechanistically, flavonoids enhanced intestinal barrier function: apigenin and luteolin upregulated tight junction proteins, and quercetin reduced intestinal permeability as reflected by notably decreased FITC-dextran flux (p
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