This article has been reviewed according to Science X's editorial process and policies. Editors have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility: As a veterinarian who studies infectious diseases in cats, I've been repeatedly asked whether Australia's outbreak of the H5 bird flu poses a risk to pets. As this lethal virus continues to infect more mammals, poultry farmers and backyard chicken owners remain on high alert.
But outbreaks overseas suggest pets—particularly cats—can also contract H5 bird flu and develop severe disease. To date, Australia has not recorded any cases of the deadly H5 bird flu in pets, and the risk to most cats and dogs remains very low. But if infection does happen, the consequences can be serious.
As a nation of pet owners—with 7.7 million Australian households sharing their homes with a pet—we must understand how cats and dogs may become infected, what signs to watch for and which practical measures can reduce exposure to H5 bird flu. Cats and dogs can catch bird flu in four main ways: H5 bird flu outbreaks abroad—including in Poland, South Korea and Belgium—suggest infected cats can deteriorate rapidly and often die within days of exposure. Dogs can also become infected but appear less vulnerable to severe illness.
Many develop only mild symptoms or none at all. Currently, no vaccinations are available for pets, and data are limited on whether existing influenza antivirals could be a safe and effective treatment for cats and dogs. This means prevention is the most effective tool we have.
Discover the latest in science, tech, and space with over 100,000 subscribers who rely on Phys.org for daily insights. d research that matter—daily or weekly. The early signs of H5 bird flu infection resemble those of many common animal diseases. Infected pets may initially look unwell, develop a fever, become lethargic and go off their food.
Common respiratory signs include coughing, difficulty breathing and discharge from the eyes or nose. In cats, H5 bird flu can quickly progress and lead to serious neurological symptoms such as tremors, seizures or sudden blindness. If your pet develops any of these symptoms, don't arrive at your veterinary clinic unannounced.
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